Okay I'm back from dinner so let's try it again.
Once St. Augustine was settled, it remained in existence continuously all the way up until today. That's what makes it a "permanent settlement".
In 1526...
"[b]San Miguel de Gualdape was the first European settlement inside what is now United States territory, founded by Spaniard Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón in 1526"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Gualdape
600 "settlers" established a "colony" called San Miguel de Gualdape on the Atlantic coast. Probably in Georgia.
In 1559...
Tristán de Luna y Arellano was chosen by Luis de Velasco, viceroy of New Spain, to establish a settlement on the Gulf Coast of what is now the United States and clear an overland trade route to Santa Elena (on Tybee Island, Georgia), where another outpost would be founded. De Luna, however, proved an incompetent leader, and the expedition was plagued by disaster (and the settlement was later abandoned).
http://www.pensapedia.com/wiki/Trist%C3%A1n_de_Luna_y_Arellano
It appears the focus of all this settlement revolved around Santa Elena...
Interest in the area was piqued following exploration of some part of what is now the coastal southeastern United States by the slave traders Francisco Gordillo and Pedro de Quejo in 1521. Accounts of the region's abundance from Quejo and Francisco de Chicora, one of the 70 enslaved Indians the expedition brought to Hispaniola, inspired Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón to establish the short-lived colony of San Miguel de Gualdape. This was abandoned after only a few months. In 1540 Hernando de Soto's expedition found European goods in the wealthy town of Cofitachequi, and thus determined they were near the site of Ayllón's colony; their accounts of the wealthy land inspired further colonial ambitions. In 1559 Tristán de Luna established a settlement at present-day Pensacola, Florida as a base for future colonization of Santa Elena, but this mission failed
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Elena,_la_Florida
The reason all these explorers (including Luna) were focused on the South Carolina/Georgia coast is because the earliest explorers made contact with the Chicora Indian tribe which lived in that vicinity and the European explorers were interested in establishing trade with them.
It appears that when Luna established his settlement here he was intent on using that as a base to forge an overland route between here and Santa Elena (where Parris Island, SC is now located).
But both settlements, (Luna here and Ayllón on the Georgia/South Carolina coast) failed to establish permanency and were abandoned.
That in a nutshell is how it all went down.
But Ayllón established his settlement before Luna. And as is written on the wiki page...
"San Miguel de Gualdape was the first European settlement inside what is now United States territory, founded by Spaniard Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón in 1526"
NOT "the encampment of Puerto de Santa Maria during the summer of 1559 at the site of the modern Naval Air Station Pensacola".
http://www.pensapedia.com/wiki/Trist%C3%A1n_de_Luna_y_Arellano
Because Ayllón's settlement of San Miguel de Gualdape was established in 1526.
And Luna's settlement of Puerto de Santa Maria was established in 1559.
And if I learned anything in math class, 1526 happened BEFORE 1559.